長毛兔飼養(yǎng)管理技術(shù)
發(fā)布日期：2025-08-09
來源：http://m.lilituan.com 發(fā)布人：創(chuàng)始人
長毛兔飼養(yǎng)管理質(zhì)量直接影響兔毛生產(chǎn)性能，為獲得兔毛，需盡可能提高長毛兔的飼養(yǎng)管理水平，以免受到不當(dāng)飼養(yǎng)行為的影響而使長毛兔出現(xiàn)品種退化、發(fā)育不良、產(chǎn)毛量下降的問題。因此，長毛兔養(yǎng)殖人員應(yīng)以飼養(yǎng)為核心，構(gòu)建一套行之有效的管理技術(shù)體系，通過提高飼養(yǎng)管理質(zhì)量確保長毛兔養(yǎng)殖效益。
The quality of feeding and management of long haired rabbits directly affects the production performance of rabbit hair. In order to obtain high-quality rabbit hair, it is necessary to improve the feeding and management level of long haired rabbits as much as possible, so as to avoid the problems of breed degradation, poor development, and decreased hair production caused by improper feeding behavior. Therefore, long haired rabbit breeders should focus on feeding and establish an effective management technology system to ensure the efficiency of long haired rabbit breeding by improving the quality of feeding and management.
長毛兔常規(guī)的飼養(yǎng)管理要點(diǎn)
Key points for routine feeding and management of long haired rabbits
?。ㄒ唬﹥?yōu)化圈舍環(huán)境圈舍作為長毛兔主要的飼養(yǎng)場(chǎng)地，其環(huán)境是否適宜直接影響長毛兔的生長發(fā)育，故應(yīng)注意優(yōu)化圈舍環(huán)境。（1）溫度。將圈舍溫度控制在15～25℃，否則會(huì)影響長毛兔的產(chǎn)毛量。冬季可采用增添墊料或設(shè)置加熱設(shè)備的方式做好保溫處理，夏季采用空調(diào)、風(fēng)扇、噴水、通風(fēng)等措施降低圈舍溫度。（2） 濕度。長毛兔圈舍空氣相對(duì)濕度應(yīng)控制在60%～70%。（3） 光照。要求圈舍內(nèi)每日光照時(shí)間達(dá)到12～16小時(shí)，但需避免陽光直射，必要時(shí)可通過布置人工光源補(bǔ)充光照。
?。?） Optimizing the enclosure environment: As the main breeding ground for long haired rabbits, the suitability of the enclosure environment directly affects their growth and development. Therefore, attention should be paid to optimizing the enclosure environment. (1) Temperature. Control the temperature of the enclosure at 15-25 ℃, otherwise it will affect the hair production of long haired rabbits. In winter, insulation treatment can be done by adding padding or setting up heating equipment. In summer, measures such as air conditioning, fans, water spraying, and ventilation can be taken to reduce the temperature of the enclosure. (2) Humidity. The relative humidity of the air in the long haired rabbit enclosure should be controlled between 60% and 70%. (3) Illumination. It is required that the daily illumination time in the enclosure reach 12-16 hours, but direct sunlight should be avoided. If necessary, artificial light sources can be arranged to supplement the illumination.
（二）預(yù)防控制毛球病長毛兔在飼養(yǎng)期間可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)誤食兔毛的現(xiàn)象，若兔毛未能及時(shí)排出，則會(huì)于胃中纏結(jié)成團(tuán)，誘發(fā)毛球病，若未及時(shí)則會(huì)導(dǎo)致長毛兔消化道阻塞，終死亡，因此長毛兔飼養(yǎng)期間需做好毛球病的預(yù)防工作。具體來看，可在長毛兔飼料中摻加高纖維成分，供應(yīng)提摩西草等干草，促進(jìn)腸道蠕動(dòng)，輔助長毛兔順利排出毛球， 還可適當(dāng)提供胡蘿卜葉、芹菜葉等高纖維蔬菜，增加長毛兔的纖維攝入量。此外，必要時(shí)可準(zhǔn)備木瓜蛋白酶，將其添加長毛兔飲用水或飼料中，起到分解毛發(fā)的作用，或定期使用化毛膏，幫助毛長兔潤滑腸道，促進(jìn)毛球排出。
（2） Prevention and control of hairball disease: Long haired rabbits may accidentally consume rabbit hair during feeding. If the rabbit hair is not discharged in time, it will tangle into clumps in the stomach, causing hairball disease. If left untreated, it can lead to gastrointestinal obstruction and ultimately death in long haired rabbits. Therefore, it is necessary to take preventive measures against hairball disease during feeding of long haired rabbits. Specifically, high fiber components can be added to the feed of long haired rabbits, providing high-quality hay such as Timothy grass to promote intestinal peristalsis and assist in the smooth elimination of hairballs. High fiber vegetables such as carrot leaves and celery leaves can also be provided appropriately to increase the fiber intake of long haired rabbits. In addition, if necessary, papain can be prepared and added to the drinking water or feed of long haired rabbits to decompose their hair, or regular use of hair cream can help lubricate their intestines and promote the expulsion of hairballs.
（三）長毛兔兔毛管理兔毛質(zhì)量決定養(yǎng)殖效益，故在飼養(yǎng)管理過程中，需通過梳毛、剪毛做好兔毛管理工作。（1） 梳毛。梳毛的目的為避免兔毛纏結(jié)，同時(shí)清潔兔毛雜質(zhì)，飼養(yǎng)期間需將梳毛作為日常管理工作，長毛兔仔兔斷奶后以14 天為間隔梳毛1 次。梳毛時(shí)，梳子需順毛插入兔毛，由頸后部逐漸向下，到尾部后肢后從胸部梳理腿內(nèi)側(cè)，隨后梳理耳毛、臉頰等。若梳毛期間發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)塊現(xiàn)象，則需緩慢整理，不可強(qiáng)行梳理。（2）剪毛。根據(jù)長毛兔狀態(tài)合理設(shè)置剪毛期，要求剪毛期處于60～90天，剪毛頻率控制在每年4～5次，通過剪毛保障兔毛質(zhì)量。
?。?） The quality of rabbit hair determines the breeding efficiency, so in the process of feeding and management, it is necessary to do a good job in rabbit hair management through combing and shearing. (1) Combing hair. The purpose of grooming is to avoid tangling of rabbit hair and clean impurities from the hair. During the feeding period, grooming should be a daily management task. Long haired rabbits should be groomed once every 14 days after weaning. When combing hair, the comb should be inserted into the rabbit hair along the hair, gradually downwards from the back of the neck, to the hind limbs of the tail, and then combed from the chest to the inside of the legs, followed by combing the ear hair, cheeks, etc. If clumping is found during combing, it should be done slowly and not forcibly combed. (2) Trimming hair. Reasonably set the shearing period according to the condition of the long haired rabbit, requiring a shearing period of 60-90 days and a shearing frequency controlled at 4-5 times per year to ensure the quality of rabbit hair through shearing.
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